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The fundamental advantages of vapor pressure osmometry are now embodied in the most intelligent osmometer ever produced! The small sample requirement allows you to assay hard-to-get or expensive samples using the superior characteristics of the vapor pressure method.
Already own this product? Register your product online to register your warranty. The Vapro osmometer requires a sample volume of only 10 microliters. Osmolality is displayed in 90 seconds. The fundamental advantages of Vapro have been enhanced with automatic thermocouple cleaning and mechanized sample slide operations, making osmolality measurements with the Vapro the easiest and most user-friendly available.
The Vapro programming includes robust self-diagnostics for complete monitoring of osmometer functions. The Vapro includes computer and printer interface capability. To record more detailed information, or to capture the results in a computer, Vapro Lab Report software for Windows operating systems combines user-provided information with measurement results directly from the Vapro to produce a printable, savable report.
Vapor pressure measurement is the best method of determining osmolality, and the thermodynamic limitations of vapor pressure osmometry are least restrictive. For these reasons, vapor pressure osmometry is superior for most fluids in biology and medicine in which water is the solvent.
The vapor pressure method determines osmolality at room temperature with the sample in natural equilibrium. This precludes cryoscopic artifacts due to high viscosity, suspended particles, or other conditions that can interfere with freezing point determinations, giving Vapro a much broader range of error-free applications. Combines user-provided information with measurement results directly from the Vapro to produce a printable and savable report Windows format only.
Vapro is the undisputed leader in research osmometry, with capability for any type of sample—fluids, viscous or tissue samples. With any training questions email our service team. Download the User's Manual. The instrument is, however an extremely expensive addition to our physiology equipment and should be treated accordingly. The complete operating manuial is available as an appendix but the abridged instructions below are sufficent for use in this lab.
The Vapro osmometer is an advanced electronic adaptation of the hygrometric method of vapor pressure determination. The sensitive thermocouple and sophisticated electronics provide the means to measure the dew point temperature depression of a specimen with resolution to 0. Vapor pressure and freezing point are among the colligative properties of a solution. Compared with pure solvent, these properties are altered in proportion to the number of solute particles dissolved in each kilogram of solvent water in the case of biological solutions.
Thus, measuring either property is an indirect means of determining solution concentration or osmolality. The chief advantage of the vapor pressure method is that it does not require alteration of the physical state of the specimen.
A 10 microliter specimen is aspirated into a micropipettor tip. The specimen is then inoculated into a solute-free paper disc in the sample holder, whereupon the sample holder is pushed into the instrument and the sample chamber is locked. Locking initiates the automatic measurement sequence. The sensing element is a fine-wire thermocouple hygrometer. This is suspended in a unique, all-metal mount, which when joined with the sample holder, forms a small chamber enclosing the specimen.
As vapor pressure equilibrates in the chamber airspace, the thermocouple senses the ambient temperature of the air, thus establishing the reference point for the measurement. Under electronic control, the thermocouple then seeks the dew point temperature within the enclosed space, giving an output proportional to the differential temperature.
The difference between the ambient temperature and the dew point temperature is the dew point temperature depression—an explicit function of solution vapor pressure. Dew point temperature depression is measured with a resolution of0.
The microprocessor-controlled measurement cycle requires 80 seconds. Pipette Guide Aligns and steadies the pipette for precise application of the specimen onto the sample disc in the sample holder. Signal Chime Sounds a short chime at the conclusion of each measurement cycle and a long chime when certain fault conditions exist.
Turn the shutter wheel to adjust volume. We recommend that you follow this sequence if you are using this instrument for the first time.
Details about these operations are found in the following sections. Never use facial or other soft tissue to clean the sample holder. Such tissues produce excessive lint residue that will contaminate the thermocouple sensor. NOTE: Avoid locations where instrument precision will be altered by thermal gradients or rapid temperature changes caused by heavy foot traffic, air vents, blowers, heaters, or windows.
Connect the power cord to an electrical outlet that matches the voltage selected on the rear panel. Avoid power circuits that are shared by centrifuges, air conditioners, or other power equipment. We recommend that you use a power line surge protector to isolate the osmometer from spikes and surges. Verify that the sample holder is in the measurement position sample slide is pushed completely into the instrument until it stops.
NOTE: If you open the chamber lever before the end of the initialization cycle, the warning chime sounds. The initialization cycle establishes the reference point for the instrument. When the initialization cycle is complete, the display screen will appear as shown on the left. NOTE: Even though the screen at this point indicates the instrument is ready, calibration will not be stable until the instrument reaches thermal equilibration see below.
Temperature Drift Scale Osmolality determination involves the measurement of extremely small temperature differentials. The osmometer is thus sensitive to ambient temperature changes, which induce internal temperature changes. The Temperature Drift scale allows you to determine when internal temperature has stabilized. See Note below:. NOTE: It is normal for the osmometer to undergo a significant temperature drift during the first few minutes of equilibration.
The time required to achieve temperature stability depends on the initial instrument temperature, typically 10 to 30 minutes but may be longer if inital temperature varies more than 5 degrees from room temperature. NOTE: Under normal circumstances, leave power on to keep the instrument in a ready state and to maintain stability.
This no-maintenance micropipettor works with a wide range of biological solutions and laboratory reagents. Disposable plastic tips eliminate carry-over error from sample to sample. Use the provided micropipettor to assure uniform results among different operators. The blowout step tends to create bubbles in the specimen that can lead to thermocouple contamination. A positive-displacement pipetting device or alternative loading methods may be more suitable for extremely viscous fluids or complex specimens.
The sample loading procedure in this manual presumes the use of the Wescor micropipettor. Caution Do not use positive displacement pipetting devices for routine operation.
Refer to Appendix D for additional information regarding. Gross volumetric errors, such as might arise from incorrect pipetting technique or poorly maintained micropipettors, or micropipettors not approved by Wescor, can cause significant measurement errors.
Calibration integrity is assured because ampules provide fresh solution for each use. Having the accuracy of reference standards, Optimol standards are ideal for routine osmometer calibration. Optimol standards are manufactured under strict quality control and have a minimum storage life of 36 months.
Refer to Appendices B and E for more information. NOTE: Ampule standards are intended for one-time use for no more than a few hours. When you have finished calibration, discard any remaining solution.
Instructions Each ampule contains 0. This volume is sufficient to prevent measurable evaporative concentration for a few hours after the ampule is opened. The accuracy of reported osmolality is directly linked to the accuracy of the calibrating standard solutions. While these solutions have exact specified osmolality at the time they are opened, osmolality inevitably increases as water evaporates. Two main menus Mode and Function are used to select modes and functions of the osmometer.
Modes control how the osmometer processes samples and displays results. After you select a mode, all samples are processed in that mode until you select a different mode. Functions are specific actions the osmometer can perform. The Function Menu is not available until you have assayed a sample. When you activate the Mode Menu, the arrow points to the current mode. When you close the chamber, or press ENTER with the chamber open, the instrument executes the sample measurement in the selected mode.
You can change the mode at any time before the measurement cycle begins, or on the last sample before the sample chamber is opened.
Normal Mode For routine running of single samples. Does not display any statistical data. This mode is the default setting upon power-up of the instrument. The new Aerospray Stainers include the Aerospray Stat, for water-based hematology staining, Aerospray Pro, for alcohol-based hematology applications; Aerospray Gram, for microbiology applications; and Aerospray TB for acid fast bacteria applications.
The Cytopro stand-alone cytocentrifuge is also available. Wescor announces that its new Model Vapro Vapor Pressure Osmometer, which measures the osmolality of solutions, will be available in January The new Vapro can be used to determine the osmolality in any type of sample: fluids, viscous, and even tissue, giving the Vapro osmometer great versatility in clinical medicine or biomedical research applications. The Vapro Osmometer requires a sample volume of only 10 microliters.
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